Fuel-nozzle for semi-diesel engines.



Patented De0.18,1917.

FUEL NOZZLE FOR SEMI DIESEL ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED OCT- 30. 1916.

W B. SLAUGHTER, JR. & R. A. GAERTNER.

sa sa FTTORNE'YSL En srAT s PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM E. SLAUGHTER, an, AND RALPH A. GAERTNER, OF LOS ANGELES, GALI- FORNIA, ASSIGN'ORS T0 PETER SPELLACY, 0E LOS AEG LEs, oALIEoEmA.

FUEL-NOZZLE FOR SEMI-DIESEL ENGINES.

- Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed October 30, 1916. Serial No. 128,608

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we,WILL1AM B. SLAUGH- TER, Jr., and RALPH'A. GAERTNER, citizens of the United States, residing at Los Aneles, 'in the county of Los Angeles and tate of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Fuel-Nozzles for Semi-Diesel Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a fuel nozzle and particularly pertains to nozzles adapted to be used to inject liquid fuel into the explosive cylinders of engines of the semi-Diesel type.

One of the difficulties which has been encountered in injecting a liquid fuel into engines of the semi-Diesel type has been that the valve within the fuel nozzle does not always positively discontinue the flow of oil and allows it to continue its flowwhile the charge within the cylinder is exploding. It is the principal object of this invention to provide a fuel nozzle within which is incorporated a control valve adapted to act automatically and positively to permit anddiscontinue the flow of liquid fuel to the cylinder. 7

Another object is to provide a cut-off valve which will act instantly to establish and discontinue the flow of fuel through the nozzle when the fuel pump changes its stroke.

Another object is to provide a combined movable valve member which operates to open and close the fuel valve andalso forms spray of liquid fuel may be obtained.

Another object is to provide a nozzle of a construction which will insure that drops of liquid fuel will not fall into the cylinder after the valve is closed but will be trapped within the nozzle in amanner to prevent dripping. 7

Another object is to provide a fuel nozzle which is so constructed as to insure the passage of liquid fuel therethrough at a constant velocity throughout its length and thus prevent the retard of its flow from an intended pressure.

It-is a further object to provide a fuel nozzle which will thoroughly atomize the liquid fuel passing therethrough and-:whioh will be simple in operation and construction.

, Another object is to provide a nozzle housing adapted to be screwed throughlthe wall of an engine and having a nozzle and back- -acting valve construction removably mounted upon and in its inner end.

Patented 1).... 18, 1917. 1

Another object is to provide a nozzle orifice which will deliver an atomizing spray by the pump pressure on the oil.

. Other objects will appear hereinafter.

The invention is illustrated, by way of .larly illustrates the manner in which the sectional area of the enlarged bore of the nozzle is maintained equal to the area of the reduced bore. I 1 I Fig. 3 is a View in transverse vertical section on the line 33 of Fig. 1 and illustrates the series of longitudinal bores extending through the nozzle thimble. v

Referringto the drawings more particularly, 10 indicates a fuel'supply pipe which deliversa'liquid fuel under pressure from a pump to a pipe T 11. The T 11 is fitted at its lower end with a drain-cock 12, its perexample, in the accompanying drawings in pendicular fitting 13 being externally threaded to engage the threaded bore 14 formed within the end of the nozzle housing 15.

The nozzle housing is substantially cylindrical in shape and extends horizontally from, the pipe T. The. end adjacent the T is formed in the shape of a hexagon 16 and hasa screw threaded neck to permit it to be screwed into a threaded bore within a cylinder wall 17 thus allowing the greater portion of the member to extend into the cylinder. The nozzle housing 15 is formed with a longitudinal bore 18 which extends partly through it and communicates with an alined 'bore 19 of enlarged diameter within which the nozzle valve mechanism is mounted. The outer'en'd of the bore 19 is counter-bored, as indicated by the numeral 20, and this countor-bore formed with a conical seat 21. The

seat 21 is provided to receive the outer tapered endof a nozzle thimble-22 which is of a diameter and length to fit snugly within the counter-bore20. The thimble is held in 7 place. by a nozzle head 23 which is detachably mounted vover-the end of the nozzle housing and is formed with oppositely disposed conical bores2fl and 25. The bore 25 as substantially equal.

extends inwardly and represents a cone of small dimensions. The bore 24 extends outwardly and is so arranged that the apices of the two bores meet to form a communicating passage fromthe interior of-the nozzle housing to the engine cylinder. The angularity of the bores 24 and 25 is here shown It will be understood, however, that this angle may be changed to produce any desired spray of liquid fuel. q

The conical bore 24 is adapted to receive a conical filler end 26 of a reciprocating back-acting valve plunger 27. The plunger 27 is formed with a frusto-conical back-act'- ing-valve shoulder 28 adapted to normally seat upon a valve seat 29 formed in the end of the thimble 22. This seat communicates with. a longitudinally extending bore 30 which in turn commumcates with a series of "fuel passages trically around the line of the bore 30 and 31 arranged in a circle concenthrough the thimble. These passages are 1n communication at their inner ends with the enlarged longitudinal bore 19 which in turn communicates with the smaller bore 18. The plunger valve 27 is formed with a shank 32 which extends the thimble and is fitted with a spring seat washer 34 which is held in place by lock-nuts 35. This washer i formed with a series of marginal serrations 36, the combined sectional area of which is approximately equal to that of-the bore 18. A coil spring 37 is disposed between the inner end of the thimble 22 and the washer 34 and acts to normally hold the valve shoulder 28 against its seat in the end of the thimble. The opening movement of the valve 28 and the shank 32 is limited by a stop sleeve 38 which fits upon the shank 32 and engages the thimble, so as to adjustably limit the'opening of the valve 28 and the seating of the conical point-26.

In operation, liquid fuel is delivered through the supply pipe 10 to the nozzle bore 18 by a reciprocating pump adapted to produce an intermittent pressure within the supply pipe. The reciprocation of the pump is in s nchronism with the engine so that fuel w1ll be delivered to the engine at the proper stage of its stroke to insure its comresslon and most effective combustion.

en the fuel within the supply pipe and the nozzle housing 15 is subjected to the pump pressure, the plunger 27 will be moved outwardly and instantly will act to relieve the conical valve shoulder 28 from its seat 29 in the end of the thimble 22. This action will permit fuel t'o fiow through the bore 18 into the enlarged bore 19 around the washer 34 by assing ,through the serrations 36; After t e fuel has passed the washer 34, it will enter the thimble through the series of parallel passage-ways 31 and will thereafter e led through the bore in the end of the through a central bore 33 in bore 24 and the conical face of the plunger filler end 26 which will permit the fuel to pass to the bore 25 in a thin filmfrom whence itwill be sprayed and thoroughly atomized. The filler end 26 of the plunger fits the bore 24 just close enough to form a thin conical sheet of oil converging outwardly to the orifice. The bevel of the bores 24 and. 25 are substantially equal so that the height of the pressure is at the orifice and the lines of flow cross in all directions. When the fuelpressure is discontinued, the coil spring 37 will retract the plunger and draw the conical shoulder 28 against the seat 29, thus discontinuing the fiow of fuel in a positive manner.

It will be noted that when the plunger 27 acts to cut off the supply of fuel to the spray orifice of the nozzle, the small particles of the fuel which were not atomized will be trapped-within the bore 24 and will drain downwardly and rearwardly therein.

It will thus be seen that the fuel nozzle here described will act efi'ectively to convey a liquid fuel under ressure to an engine cylinder, there atomizing it, and insuring that the fuel will not be injected into the cylinder except in an atomized state.

Especial attention is called to the atomizing spraying angled conical bores 24 and 25 meeting point to point and the matin equal angled conical point 26 vibrating in tfie inner bore 24. The shape of the spraying orifice is well adapted to thoroughly and finely atomize the oil as it is forced through by the pump pressure, and the conical point 26 assists in this operation and also serves as a needle point to keep the orifice clear and round.

source of fuel supply and having a chamber extending from its inner end and connecting to said bore, a thimble mounted in the end of the chamber and having a valve seat from its outer face, a valve. for the valve seat, a conical filler end extending outwardly from thevalve; an orifice cap secured to the housing and fitting the filler end, a stem for the valve extending through the thimble, a spring around the valve stem against the end orifice formed by the equalof the thimble, a spring seat upon thevalvestem against the spring, means for limiting the opening of the valve so as not to close the orifice, and means for holding the spring seat in place, there being a passage connecting the bore of the housing through the thimble to the valve seat.

2. In a fuel nozzle, a housing having a central bore adapted to be connected to the source of fuel supply and having a chamber extending from its inner end and connecting to said bore, a thimble mounted in the end of the chamber and having a valve seat from its outer face, a valve for the valve seat, a conical filler end extending outwardly from the valve, a stem for the valve extending through the thimble, a spring around the valve stem against the end of the thimble, a, spring seat upon the valve stem against the spring, means for holding the spring seat in lace, there being a passage connecting the ore of the housing through the thimble to the valve seat, and an orifice cap screw-seat intense g ed u on the endof the housing to cover the thim 1e and provide an orifice under the control of the valve and having a conical bore to fit the filler end, and there being means to limit the opening of the valve and prevent the filler end from closing the orifice.

3. In afuel nozzle, a housing,a back-acting valve mechanism mounted in the inner end of the housing, an orifice cap covering the valve mechanism and having an orifice formed by two alined conical bores meeting point to point, a conical filler end extending from the back-acting valve into the inner conical bore, and'means to limit the opening of theback-acting valve so as not to close the orifice. I In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification.

WILLIAM B. SLAUGHTER, JR. RALPH A. GAERTNER. 

